Evaluation of Psychological Well-Being Among Care Providers of Oral Cancer Patients In ATertiary Care Setting: A Cross-Sectional Analysis

Abstract

Background:

Oral cancer remains a major global health concern, particularly in south Asian countries, where it contributes significantly to cancer-related morbidity and mortality. In Pakistan, it is recognized as the second most prevalent malignancy, with an age-standardized incidence rate of 21.9 per 100,000, considerably higher than rates reported in neighboring regions. Family members who assume care giving responsibilities for patients with oral cancer face numerous emotional, physical, and financial challenges. These prolonged demands often lead to psychological distress and diminished well -being.

Objective:

the objective of this study is to evaluate the prevalence of anxiety, depression, and perceived stress among family caregivers of oral cancer patients in tertiary care hospital in Karachi.

Methodology:

A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted at a private tertiary care hospital in Karachi over a six -month period (June–November 2024). Adult informal caregivers of histologically confirmed oral cancer patients were enrolled through purposive sampling. Data were collected using two standardized tools: the 12-item zarit burden interview (zbi) and the depression, anxiety, and stress scale–21 (dass-21). Statistical analyses were performed to evaluate the frequency and severity of mental health outcomes.

Results:

High levels of psychological strain were identified among care providers, with 82.9% reporting difficulty maintaining positive emotions, 57.9% experiencing physical symptoms of stress, and 61.2% showing low self -worth.

Conclusion:

Care providing for oral cancer patients imposes a substantial emotional burden. Interventions focused on caregiver education, psychological counseling, and structured support services are essential to enhance mental well-being and overall caregiving quality.